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S2-3: Investigate simple situations that involve elements of chance, recognising equal and different likelihoods and acknowledging uncertainty.

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Elaboration on this Achievement Objective

This means students will recognise that probability is about the chance of outcomes occurring. Through activities that involve them personally, students at Level Two are expected to consider the possible outcomes of events in predicting what might occur. Through carrying out experiments, for example playing a game of chance, and making simple models of all the outcomes, for example lists or tables, students should recognise when outcomes appear to be equally likely, for example getting an even number when tossing a dice. Students should also recognise that where an event has more than one possible outcome they cannot predict the outcome with certainty, for example "it probably won’t be a six but it might be" when rolling a dice. Students should relate probability to events in their daily life, for example "it is very likely to rain today".

 

Teaching resources for this Achievement Objective
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Cube and spinner challenges

Level Two
Statistics
Units of Work
In this unit we play several games based on coloured cubes and spinners. The purpose is to investigate chance and think about the concept of a fair game.
  • Recognise that not all things occur with the same likelihood.
  • Observe that some things are fairer than others.
  • Explore adjusting the rules of games to make them fairer.
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Ice-creams

Level Two
Statistics
Problem solving activities
This problem solving activity has a statistics focus.
  • Find all the possible outcomes of a simple event using a problem solving strategy (draw, act with objects, list).
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In Between

Level Two
Statistics
Figure It Out activities
This is a level 2 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series. A PDF of the student activity is included.

explore probabilities in a simple game

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Leads and Bones

Level Two
Statistics
Figure It Out activities
This is a level 2 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series. A PDF of the student activity is included.

understand probability as it relates to simple dice games.

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Money-making Mice

Level Two
Level Three
Integrated
Figure It Out activities
This is a level 2 number and statistics and level 3 algebra activity from the Figure It Out series. It relates to Stage 5 of the Number Framework. A PDF of the student activity is included.

calculate a bank balance using addition and subtraction

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Patent Problems

Level Two
Statistics
Figure It Out activities
This is a level 2 activity from the Figure It Out series. A PDF of the student activity is included.
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Rolling Dice

Level Two
Statistics
Rich learning activities
The purpose of this activity is to engage students in finding an expected number that is based on equally likely outcomes.
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Statements about probability

Level Two
Statistics
Units of Work
In this unit students make spinners to show the probability of events, make statements about probabilities shown on spinners, and evaluate statements made by other classmates.
  • Make statements about probabilities shown on a spinner.
  • Evaluate statements made about probabilities shown on a spinner.
  • Provide reasons to support their evaluation of the statement.
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That's not fair!

Level Two
Statistics
Units of Work
In this unit we play probability games and learn about sample space and a sense of fairness.
  • Use dice and related equipment to assign roles and discuss the fairness of games.
  • Play probability games and identify all possible outcomes.
  • Compare and order the likelihood of simple events.
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Three coins on a table

Level Two
Statistics
Problem solving activities
This problem solving activity has a statistics focus.
  • Distinguish between more and less likely events.
  • List the possible outcomes.
  • Devise and use problem solving strategies to explore situations mathematically (be systematic, draw a diagram).
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Three in a line

Level Two
Integrated
Problem solving activities
This problem solving activity has a logic and reasoning focus.
  • Rotate pattern pieces through quarter and half turns.
  • Be systematic and count possibilities.
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Tony's spelling troubles

Level Two
Statistics
Problem solving activities
This problem solving activity has a statistics focus.
  • Describe in their own words the situation represented in a bar chart and tally chart.
  • Use a bar chart and frequency table to make sensible predictions.
  • Interpret information and results in context.
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Way to Go

Level Two
Statistics
Figure It Out activities
This is a level 2 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series. A PDF of the student activity is included.

use a diagram to find all possible outcomes

investigate the probability of an event occurring

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Where's bunny now?

Level Two
Statistics
Rich learning activities
The purpose of this activity is to engage students in evaluating another’s judgement about the fairness of a game of chance and investigating the fairness of their own game.