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The most common method of choosing the line that best summarises the linear relationship (or linear trend) between the two variables in a linear regression analysis, from the bivariate data collected.
Of the many lines that could usefully summarise the linear relationship, the least-squares regression line is the one line with the smallest sum of the squares of the residuals.
Two other properties of the least-squares regression line are:
1. The sum of the residuals is zero.
2. The point with x-coordinate equal to the mean of the x-coordinates of the observations and with y-coordinate equal to the mean of the y-coordinates of the observations is always on the least-squares regression line.
Curriculum achievement objectives reference
Statistical investigation: (Level 8)
